2008. Case study - urban regeneration in Stratford, London Stratford was a significant transport hub by the early 19th century. This can negatively affect the environment (pollution), traffic (jams), and the availability of parking spaces. This was the largest transport project proposed for London, and it was widely assumed in the early stages of the bidding process that the games could not be won without a guarantee that it would be completed before the games. People are tired of or unable to pay high rents and mortgages in cities and suburban areas. Its 100% free. Check out our explanation of Urban and Rural spaces to learn more! The containerised cargo was much more efficient for transporting goods, but it required larger ships. Athlete's Village (now known as East Village, London), Olympic Stadium (now known as London Stadium), Eton Manor (now known as the Lee Valley Hockey and Tennis Centre), Riverbank Arena (dismantled after the Games). existing waste and industrial land, was the reason it was chosen in the UK's bid to host the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The focus on sustainability across regeneration projects has increased as awareness of environmental issues, such as climate change, has increased. Negatives: The Olympic stadium is estimated to have cost 701 million pounds, almost 3 times the original estimate The organising committee planned some of the following legacies. Islam Issa says: "The county became a hub for Confederates in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War. An important aspect of the legacy was what to do with the buildings and venues after the games. Outline the political, social, economic and environmental reasons why London was chosen for the 2012 Games. It will only take you about seven minutes to get from Stratford International to St. Pancras, from where you can go to several places within England as well as to mainland Europe. Afterwards, an estimated 2,500 jobs are available. In Stratford, the average family incomeper year was 28,900, but in London overall, it was 37,000. There were advantages and disadvantages to this regeneration. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. The area chosen for the games was the Lower Lea Valley, which included Stratford. However, many people feel that the London Games were overall a success, and provided a benefit to the city. Stories From 6 Jul. There are great places to live, such as The Stratford, a 42-storey tower with 248 rental flats and a sky garden. Furthermore the cost of travelling and accommodation would rise across London which many thought would outprice tourists and leave many events under-attended. 2 - A suburban area is located close to, but apart from, an urban area. The construction of all the buildings creates 1,500 jobs, with at least 30% of those for local residents. This makes Stratford a good place to live. The organiser proposed that 3,000 new permanent jobs would be created by this event. Dugan, E. 2013. Stratford, one of the country's most deprived areas, would become a "model for social inclusion", while millions of kids would take up sport for life. [34], Marketing Director David Magliano said that 1.5million tickets would be sold for 15 (US$29). Public transport and infrastructure were significantly improved. Affordable housing is still unaffordable for the poorest people in Newham. Stratford, East London, rose during the Industrial Revolution but fell into decline when the city deindustrialised. What does access look like? The Stadium should become the hub of east London activities when the games end. This happened due to deindustrialisation and the closure of the Royal Docks. Each apartment was billed to include Internet access and wireless networking and other state-of-the-art technology.[25]. The city beat the favourite Paris 54 to 50 on the fourth and final ballot. Olympics legacy: Did the Games succeed in rejuvenating East London? Some commentators have argued that it would be better to invest directly in grass roots sport. Local business some extant in this area for over 100years were questioning the package of measures in place to allow them to find new sites when the new Olympic village displaced them. The Work to underground the power lines and remove the pylons which run through the Olympic Park began and transport improvements: Greater capacity on Jubilee Line, extension of DLR to London City Airport, Stratford International Station opened, first 'Javelin' trains unveiled . [41] It was also hoped that there will be a wider economic effect from the improvements which the games might make to London's image. We will see a 1.1 billion 'culture boost' happening soon. Please view the Legacy Map to see the upgrades to the London Transport network in context. What was Stratford like before regeneration? This happens for many reasons. Why is regeneration needed geography? The area became more affluent, and therefore housing is still unaffordable for the poor(er) people in the community. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. Stratford then experienced a massive decline. Because of the deprived status, the existing waste and industrial lands available, and the close location to the City, Stratford was chosen by the UK for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. She added, "It was in every speech and every word."[42]. The LOCOG planned out the uses of important stadiums and transportation systems after the games, as well as the social factors of the 2012 legacy. Its demolition in 2007. For example, there is no use building lots of nice new houses if most people can't afford to buy them! However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. Why regeneration is redefining Stratford - JLL These projects took different forms, had different stakeholders and operated over different durations. 2012 was seen as a window of opportunity as observers saw Europe as the destination for the Games. 560 million for new venues, including 250 million for the Olympic Stadium. [22], Australian construction company Lend Lease Corp Ltd was chosen to build the Olympic Village. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. The plans laid out for improvements included the expansion of the London Underground, specifically the East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway, and the North London Line. I was pretty sure I wanted to go to the latter, but I needed Stanford as a backup. Sustainable urban regeneration aims to meet the demands of the current population without compromising on the needs of the future population(s). [3]. London 2012 Olympics: Has the games built a legacy in - LondonWorld The stadiums were made of at least 25% recycled materials. This land would be cleaned up and improved before construction. But the . Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Answer (1 of 11): It's been a couple of yearslast I checkedsince I graduated, but here is my experience. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ott/overseas-travel-and-tourismmonthly-release/august-2012/index.html Also pretty strong, same basic source as above but with other links that might be useful. B Messrs Singh, Directors, Lucky Wholesale Company, 2007 Currently, about 40% of the 2,818 houses will be affordable. Its multicultural population meant that all countries would be well supported at the games. (A TOK-able moment), The costs and benefits of hosting the Games, Case study: London Olympics 2012: Learning activities, https://d2rpq8wtqka5kg.cloudfront.net/129049/open20120701120000.pdf?Expires=1511793842&Signature=R043y307dmxOAQKbZckf67uuGsQhQUZ3~Fuml0zdCMn0Y2ZjYobP36CAdEROzjj4QvHUN0aFZKha~v7h8RAt1XLxQKkIZGyf6Z5h3N~U01FZv~N5u4gIXs~z43IkDQMr~1ShM9I4Px7hWR6~yG7TRi57jLt8x3Ti~2HiHGZYAiDpXP68St7EadjRxLr6HDZRtf-mOBRGCSKCxx7S-bhDyZWlDqR8kP4jayZQr7UtYoN-qSbdz6SqNBd3AIrQNhaCLp51mWZkSFex8XdXJblqSZDlAgdPYHvGLyD6wsZLSZAmvUE9MDQ4ol~SOhQ9qI9-zggFSUgaagHj1mPDR9Ak9A__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJVGCNMR6FQV6VYIA, About (including cookies and data privacy issues), New article: urban deprivation in Nairobi, Youth engagement in sport was one of the pillars of Londons bit, Sustainability and legacy were pillars of Londons bid, Regeneration was emphasised as part of the bid: the IOC was shown photos of the derelict former industrial areas, The UK government had decided to focus its Olympic bids on London after failing to win the Games in 1992, 1996 and 2000 with bids from Birmingham and Manchester (two other major UK cities), Gender and age issues: most of those who spoke in the Paris presentation were male and middle aged; the London presentation included children and represented a multicultural London. As mentioned earlier, better public transport and infrastructure were a major aspect of the bidding process. Global Cities 2017. https://www.atkearney.com/global-cities/full-report Accessed 17 January 2018. Also in the Cabinet would be an Olympic Security Committee to co-ordinate security planning. Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Have all your study materials in one place. The death blow to the docks was the creation of containerised cargo and other technological changes. 10th season. Social - new homes were built, with around 1/3 of those becoming more affordable. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. After the Olympic Games were over, the park was named the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. 1978: Eleven die in sleeper train inferno. of the users don't pass the Regeneration Case Studies quiz! 1997: Mars buggy starts exploring Red Planet. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. It was changed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. A Tracey Manning, working men's caf, East End Centre, 2006 Tracey provided breakfast to the local workers beginning at 4 a.m every day for 13 years. The earlier stages of the football competition were played at football stadia around the country including: The Olympic Village was located in Lower Lea Valley in east London. Royal Geographical Society - Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) Transport for London invested GBP 6.5 billion in transport infrastructure in preparation for the 2012 Games. The celebrations of the bid's success were partly silenced the day after the announcement when the 7 July 2005 London bombings killed 52 people and injured hundreds more. The main Olympic site . [1] On 6 July 2005 at its 117th Session in Singapore, the IOC awarded London the right to host the Games of the XXX Olympiad. In Liverpool, the collapse of the Albert Docks in the 1960s caused warehouses to become abandoned, people to lose their jobs, environmental quality to decrease and people to move out of the area. Stratford is a town in east London, England about 7 miles northeast of Central London. It was changed to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. It lies in an Area of Outstanding National Beauty (AONB) and it faces the Atlantic Ocean. This success created many (new) jobs. Legacy, what legacy? Five years on the London Olympic park battle still The London 2012 Olympics was set against ambitious promises of lasting change, from "inspire a generation" to "regenerate an entire community ". Alfred Stratford - Wikipedia The idea was to leave a lasting legacy or impact not just for sport but for the urban area in the East of London. This site has a great number of additional sources that you could explore, for example if you are looking at the Olympics for the purposes of an extended essay. 75 pence of every pound spent on the Olympics went towards providing a lasting legacy to East London residents. For the most part, predictions showed that on event days, 78% of spectators were likely to travel from within London and only 22% from the rest of the UK and Europe. the media centre, where 20,000 people worked during the Games, was planned for conversion into one of Europes largest data storage centres, Eventual cost nearly 10 billion paid for by lottery fund so other things lose out e.g. This is because there is a pattern of town centres undergoing periods of economic decline, resulting in the urban challenges mentioned above. Fig. This makes Stratford a good place to live. The (new) Westfield Stratford shopping centre houses 250 retailers, 70 dining establishments and represents a GBP 1.4 billion investment in East London. People who could afford it moved away, leaving behind the poor(er) people of the communities. So what are some of the key characteristics of sustainable urban regeneration case studies? Some alterations were made after the bid was accepted, including the decision by the IOC to eliminate some sporting events,[6] and a new layout for the Olympic Zone, both resulting in some relatively minor changes to the Olympic venues. With it, Stratford saw a lot of work opportunities. Olympic Park case study urban regeneration. Socially there were many benefits (see below) but these were not always long-lived, and participation in sport has now returned to pre-2012 levels. However, all the changes led to Stratford becoming a more affluent place, meaning that it is still not really affordable for poor(er) people. Anonymous, no date. Urban regeneration case studies, as the name suggests, are examples of regeneration projects occurring in urban areas. [8], Suggest reasons why some people feel that the Games were not an appropriate way to spend the money. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Fig. http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reference_documents_Factsheets/London_2012_Facts_and_Figures-eng.pdf Interesting facts in general. 2017: Capulet in Romeo and Juliet, Squire Trelawney in Treasure Island and Sir John Franklin, Mr. Griffith-Thomson in The Breathing Hole. Stratford was and still is a deprived area. The area was then underdeveloped, and thus a well-suited place to construct the village. Overall, the UK's share of manufacturing outputs had significantly dropped to 4.9% by 1973, which was even lower than the 9.5% in 1830, pre-Industrial Revolution. East London underwent deindustrialisation between the 1960-70s as it couldn't compete against newer container ports. When the 2012 Olympics are over, the second phase will involve the refurbishment of the Olympic village and construction on another 500,000m2 (5,400,000sqft) of space to complete the regeneration of Stratford City. The land was left derelict and contaminated. They will be able to accommodate elite, development, local club and community users. The Department of Education provided GBP 65 million to encourage efforts by physical education teachers to organise competitive sports, embed best practice and train primary school teachers. All venues that will not have a planned use after the games are over will be built as temporary venues. Stevens, A. noise and environmental. However, with Stratford being more affluent, it is still unaffordable to live for the poor(er) people of the community, In East London, about 7 miles from Central London. This led to the multiplier effect. but its impact adversely affected some of its population. Regeneration case studies help us to understand the different approaches to regeneration and see what impacts they have on the population and environment. Economic - due to improved infrastructure, it has better connections to the rest of London. Buildings and venues were built sustainably. Most of Stratford City will be regenerated with the construction of 500,000 more square metres of space. The plans would contribute to the regeneration of Stratford in east London, which would be the site of the Olympic Park, and of the neighbouring Lower Lea Valley.[7]. Stratford was at Middlesex from 1877 to 1880, during which time he also played first-class cricket with the Marylebone Cricket Club. It was one of the most deprived communities in the country, unemployment was high, and health levels were poor. The choice of Stratford in London The area chosen for the main Olympic facilities was a relatively deprived part of London: The area was therefore identifiably in need of regeneration and expected to benefit from improvements to infrastructure that would mean: Location of main venue just seven minutes by train from Central London Ken Livingstone, then the mayor of London, made it perfectly clear why the Olympics would be a boon. Stratford was chosen because it was the most deprived community of the UK, it already had existing waste and industrial land, and it was located within 7 minutes of the City. It was estimated that 80% of spectators would arrive by rail. . In pre-Olympic times, Stratford's 20-foot tall 'Fridge Mountain' was one of the area's most iconic eyesores. Stratford became one of the most deprived communities in the UK, with low-income families and high unemployment. Also, the re-opening of the Royal Docks is causing economic growth. The first Join In weekend (encouraging volunteerism as the profile was increased from volunteers at the Olympics), in August 2012, featured over 6,000 events. There are also now academic options for pupils between 3 and 18. Have all your study materials in one place. More than 46,000 people worked on the Olympic Park and Olympic Village, 10 percent of whom were previously unemployed. The majority of venues were divided into three zones within Greater London: the Olympic Zone, the River Zone and the Central Zone. Some examples of urban regeneration case studies include Stratford and Salford Quays. In addition, the government proposed to create the Olympic Delivery Authority, which would oversee the construction of venues and see that the games are lived out past 2012.[27]. the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II, although it is not an official Royal Park. And many people don't know this but specifically Leamington Spa, just north of Stratford, attracted a lot of Confederates.". 2000: Prime Minister's son arrested for drunkenness. Annual wages were low and unemployment was high. This land would be cleaned up and improved before construction. Generally speaking, yes. Why was Stratford chosen for the 2012 Olympics? What was Stratford like after the decline? London succeeded in its Bid for a number of reasons. The purchased buildings were demolished to make way for Olympic venues and infrastructure improvements. Suburbanisation is the process of a large proportion of people relocating from town centres into the outskirts (suburbs). 4. The planned transport legacy for the capital included new bus transit schemes, extensions to existing Underground lines, redevelopments of London Underground stations and upgrades to the trains used. The Olympic stadium ended up costing almost 3 times more than initially estimated: 701 million. Olympics and their economic impact: Updated research roundup. Write a letter to the International Olympic Committee explaining why you do or dont want the Games to come to London. Explaining why so many radicals were drawn to the distant county, Issa says: "Essentially the region . These ships could not navigate down as far as the Royal Docks. When the Olympics were hosted here, it caused Regeneration of the area. One of the most prominent of the proposed legacy is the conversion of the Olympic Village into 3,600apartments, most of which will be affordable housing. The Salford Quays Development Plan was proposed. Which 3 legacies were planned in the bidding process? During construction, much of the wildlife already there had to be relocated. What 4 things are being evaluated for regeneration in North Devon? Upload unlimited documents and save them online. This meant that buildings would either be re-purposed on-site or moved to another location. Dessibourg, Hales, and Mendoza Pea, 2017. Before industrialisation, Stratford was an agricultural community. Each athlete and official is guaranteed their own bed over 17,000beds in total. Summary - Freiburg - sustainable urban living geography gcse. moving away from fossil fuels and using renewable energy, such as solar and wind). The British Olympic Association had been working on the bid since 1997, and presented its report to government ministers in December 2000. Lloyds (bank) estimated that the Olympics generated 10 billion in extra income. [38], One of the priorities governing the contents of London's bid was to avoid leaving "white elephants" after the games. The leaders of the opposition parties also attended the meeting and expressed their support of the venture. There was an increase in crime and vandalism. However, this required the compulsory purchase of some businesses and this caused controversy, with some of the business owners claiming that the compensation offered was inadequate. There was no confirmed link between the IOC decision and the attack,[5] which also coincided with the G8 Summit in Scotland. The east side of the village would appear to be somewhat crowded. The initial estimate of GBP2.2bn was totally wrong and the games eventually cost around GBP10bn! The 2012 Olympics were planned to use a mixture of newly built venues, existing facilities, and temporary facilities, some of them in well known locations such as Hyde Park and Horse Guards Parade. Often asked: Why Did Newham Need Regeneration? 1992: Riot police confront French truckers. The site of the 2012 London Olympic Games Lower Lea Valley, Newham Borough (Stratford and New Town Ward), East London. It had one of the most deprived communities in the country, unemployment was high, and health levels were poor. "I didn . existing urban, rural, industrial and commercial areas to bring about social and economic change on a long-term scale. What was Stratford like after the decline? Why is limited public transport a disadvantage? Urban environmental and social stresses, Urban microclimates: modification and management, Case study: Air pollution in New York City, 4. Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park - Wikipedia ODA [Olympic Delivery Authority], 2015. [30][31] and the London Organising Committee planned on selling a total of 6.5million (an 81% sellout) Olympic tickets, and a 63% sellout for Paralympic tickets. in North Devon, South West England. As well as simply an increased awareness, there is now much more pressure from stakeholders and the public to act in a way that is not detrimental to future people and the environment. Furthermore, corn from the mills was readily accessible, so Stratford became known for bread baking and potato production. London competed with other cities to host the 2012 Olympics. rural areas have seen a recent increase in population due to counter-urbanisation. "The most important thing is to show people that the Government is absolutely behind the bid", said Mr Blair, who travelled to the Far East before returning to chair the 31st G8 summit at Gleneagles Hotel in Perthshire, Scotland. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. During the Victorian Era, the Metropolitan Building Act, the new railway, and the creation of the Royal Docks accelerated industrialisation. Increasing levels of ozone pollution are however a concern, but legislation and actions now in place are aimed at correcting that trend. The city's regeneration helped to rebuild the area, but its impact adversely affected some of its population. Lots of great places to eat, drink, relax, and shop, Stratford is one of the best-connected areas of London. Why was Newham chosen for the Olympics? Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. On 17 June 2005, British Prime Minister Tony Blair reiterated the Government's total commitment to London's bid for the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. Will you pass the quiz? The most prominent of these are arguably the processes of suburbanisation and counter-urbanisation. There are many areas that have been regenerated, the Tower Hamlets have had the most projects, whilst other areas such as Islington, Lambeth, Hackney and Southwark have also had many regeneration projects. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Nearby Saunton Sands, Braunton Burrows and Baggy Point were used by American soldiers to practise for the D-day landings. 560million from IOC television and marketing deals. On this page, we look at the London Olympics of 2012 as a case study of the costs and benefits for one country hosting an international sports event. In Stratford, the population density was 68.8%, in comparison to 47.3% in London overall. Statford was a good place to choose for the Olympics because it is spacious and it has an effiecient transport system. When the Metropolitan Building Act restricted dangerous and toxic industries from operating in the metropolitan area, many businesses relocated to the river banks. The population density per hectare was greater than in London (68.8 to 47.3), the family income in pounds per year was significantly lower than in London (28,948 to 37,073), and the unemployment percentage was higher than in London (7.8 to 4.5). Will there be another Mario and sonic game? The bid team believed that London could end the Games with a surplus of more than 100million. This was primarily paid by lottery funds, meaning that other things, such as the arts, lost out on a lot of money. Sign up to highlight and take notes. It is a global city with a reputation across the world. The festival is called GoldCoast OceanFest and it is held the weekend closest to the summer solstice. During its use in the 2012 Games, the following were built: After the Games, the Olympic Park closed and plans were made to reopen it to the public after alterations were made. Closest train station is Barnstaple, 10mi/16km away. Public transport, an aspect of the bid which scored poorly in the IOC's initial evaluation,[26] was planned to see numerous improvements, including the expansion of the London Underground's East London Line, upgrades to the Docklands Light Railway and the North London Line, and the temporary "Olympic Javelin" service. The organisers claimed that 3,000 new permanent jobs would be created, but opponents of the games were concerned that some of the 11,000 existing jobs in the Olympic Zone may be lost. The Olympic games had a relatively positive impact on the area, with new houses, shops, and schools. 300,000 plants were planted in the Olympic Parks wetland area. The London Olympic Athletes Village is the largest sustainable homes project in the UK. Industrialisation started slowly in Stratford, but the Metropolitan Building Act, the arrival of the railway, and the creation of the nearby Royal Docks saw a massive acceleration in industrialisation. At the time of the bid, 60% of the venues and facilities were in place. How much did the regeneration of Stratford cost?
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why was stratford chosen for the olympics