>> 4B Chapter 12 Flashcards | Chegg.com demonstrate a difference between how people. ill-defined. Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a free-way. endobj How can knowledge of human relations help in the work place. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem . well-defining, insighting, and m. People are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problems if they focus ona. 10 0 obj Except for one order, all orders have arrived within two business days. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. Metcalfe & Wiebe (1987) had participants solve insight and noninsight problems, and make "warmth" ratings (from 1 to 7) every 15 seconds as they were working on the problems participants gave a warmer rating (closer to 7) when they felt like they were getting; a cooler rating (closer to 1) when they felt like they were far from a . Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? Cognitive Psych Ch. 12 (Problem Solving) Book Questions - Quizlet The sudden realization of a problem's solution. This research is an example of ____ research.a. >> divergent thinking.d. mental sets. prior learning facilitating problem solving.b. >> The analogy that makes the solution to the mutilated checkerboard problem obvious is the ____ problem.a. The fact that they are able to do so with the help of experts on Earth is similar to the ________ approach developed by Ronald Finke. d. candle can be oriented horizontally or diagonally. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to make "warmth" judgments every 15 sec. /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold Therefore, the two problems have very different. /Subtype /Type1 spend less time analyzing problemsb. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make " warmth " judgments ever 15 seconds to indicate how close the felt they were to a solution . the best description of the purpose of think-aloud protocols is that they are used to determine: what info. The purpose of this experiment was to . Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection.v. << Once they created an object, they were given the name of an object category and instructed to interpret their creation as a practical object or device withi, Novel objects before a function was described, Finke's creating an object studies show that people were more likely to come up with creative uses for pre-inventive objects if theya. the tendency to respond in a certain manner, based on past experience.d. Mia's observations are likely influenced from a judgment error based on her using, Jonas bought a new leather jacket after saving for many months for the luxury purchase. creating subgoals, In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated checker-board problem. the need to overcome a difficult obstacle with no obvious solution available. target, Ali works for Citrus Squeeze, a company that makes orange juice. target; sourcec. surface; enhancec. Someone who has devoted much time to learning about a particular field, ___ categorize problems by surface features, Divergent thinking can be associated with ill-defined problems which ________ can be associated with well-defined problems, ___________ occurs when a sample design inhibits creative thinking, Ideas that precede the creation of a finished creative produce are called__________. . endobj prototype; targetd. Phoenix's designers start preparing the floats for the next year's parade soon after the first of t, Finke's "creating an object" experiment had participants create a novel object by combining parts. Janet is alone in a room that contains a chair and a shelf with a book resting on top. The ability to shift experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known as, The radiation problem can be solved using. endobj How will Janet retrieve the book? Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps: a. restructuring, searching, and simulating. In the Tower of Hanoi problem, the____ state involves having three discs stacked on the left peg, with the middle and right pegs empty. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked the to make "warmth" judgments every 15 sec. Gestalt psychologist consider problem solving as a process involving: the circle problem, in which the task is to determine the length of a line inside a circle was proposed to illustrate: the sudden realization of a problem's solution. operatorsc. Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a: Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. a.demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. When Sharon asks Wally where they should go for dinner, Wally says "My coworkers keep telling me about that new Japanese place downtown, so it must be a great place to eat." The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate thata. Participants in the ____ group had the fastest response time.a. In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. endobj She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. It is difficult to apply means-end analysis to an insight problem because it is difficult to define ____ for an insight problem.a. Chapter 12 - Cognition Flashcards | Quizlet . the purpose of the exp. By doing this, Dr. She decided to wait until her mother-in- law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the soup in the stove pot. experts and novices.b. had been pre-selected as "creative" indi, In Belilock and Carr's study of the relationship between working memory capacity and problem solving, individuals with high working memory capacity performed best in the ______ condition.a. /Name /F11 representation and restructuring.d. a. match box can be used as a container for tacks. Examples of such tests are the Product improvement task and the Ununsual uses tests. Chapter 12 Questions | Means End Analysis | AssignGuru 17 0 obj <> endobj The authors argued that the difference between concomitant phenomenological insight and incremental problem solving can be used to define insight. c. Experts often spend more time analyzing problems than novices. intermediate state.b. Divergent thinking is most closely associated with ____ problems.a. /Encoding 16 0 R In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n) _______ state. The best description of the purpose of think-aloud protocols is that they are used to determinea. c. performance is the same for both tasks. Ali's use of the cartons represents Phoenix Decorating Company is responsible for designing and building many of the floral floats seen in the Tournament of Roses parade every New Year's Day. gradually rise; rise suddenly justc. 15 0 obj ill-defined; Gestaltb. << 18 0 obj c. understanding why the procedure works successfully. PSY 352 PSY325 Week 5 Quiz Answers - yumpu.com The analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences betweena. Their research program was based on the idea that problem solving is a process that involves. d. It has a single correct answer. /dieresis/.notdef/ring/cedilla/.notdef/hungarumlaut/ogonek/caron << /Subtype /Type1 analogical encoding.b. She has noticed that people from upper Manhattan walk really fast, but people from lower Manhattan tend to walk slowly. The Tower of Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach.a. actions that take the problem from one state to another are known as: the elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT: bring the problem solver closer & closer to the goal state. /F11 13 0 R The purpose of this experiment was to, The ability to shift experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known as, The radiation problem was used in your text to illustrate the role of ____ in problem solving. /Name /F8 to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. /Name /F9 /Name /F5 << observing people to see how they solve problems in the real world is called ________. Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. Metcalfe and Wiebe /Oslash/Ugrave/Uacute/Ucircumflex/Udieresis/Yacute/Thorn/germandbls general principles that problems share.c. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. present multiple sample de, Phoenix Decorating Company is responsible for designing and building many of the floral floats seen in the Tournament of Roses Parade every New Year's Day. structural features.c. had received training in creative thinking.c. surface; diminishb. 6 : Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make warmth judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution .The purpose of this experiment was to The title for chapter eight was Analogizing which is commonly misinterpreted as similarities between objects or concepts. c. misjudge homicide as more prevalent in the U.S. than suicide. hw7 | Quiz We'll bring you back here when you are done. The purpose of the experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. The purpose of this experiment was toa. Which of the following provides the best example of functional fixedness? Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involvinga. Only one acrobat may jump at a timec. This experiment studies____ reasoning. restructuring.b. blankb. The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. /Subtype /Type1 Gestalt psychologi, Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. A syllogism is valid if the conclusion follows logically from the two premises. /degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered a. representation and restructuring. /agrave/aacute/acircumflex/atilde/adieresis/aring/ae/ccedilla She attempts to retrieve the book, but the shelf is a foot above her reach. Developing schemas for each i, Considering the fortress and the radiation problems together, the fortress problem represents the _____ problem.a. well-defined; Gestaltd. Two premises and a conclusion are presented as stimuli, and participants are asked to indicate (yes or no) if the conclusion logically follows from the premises. /F3 5 0 R Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? /Subtype /Type1 /Subtype /Type1 A researcher records a brainstorming session in an industrial research and development department rather than in an artificial laboratory setting. Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution prior to - Course Hero Therefore, the two problems have very different Holyoak and Koh presented different versions of the light bulb problem to assist in solving the radiation problem. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Involves obstacles between one's current state and a desired goal, c. Has one and only correct or possible answer. His factory still had three cases of cartons, and Ali was told he could take them if he wanted them. /Resources insight.d. In the Tower of Hanoi problem, the _____ state involves having three discs stacked on the left peg, with the middle and right pegs empty. The radiation problem, In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n) ____ state.a. This research is an example of ______ research. a. Experts _____ than novices.a. Question 2 1 metcalfe and wiebe gave participants - Course Hero She decides to use the breaks in between her classes to read and take notes from 15 pages at a time to make the task seem more manageable. c. structural features. >> Gestalt psychologist consider problem solving as a process involving, a sudden realization of a problems solution. sourceb. b. go out for junior varsity hockey or junior varsity basketball. intermediated. source story. 368 Tst 03 Flashcards | Chegg.com the means-end analysis, To reduce the likelihood of design fixation when completing a creative design task, you shoulda. Cassandra has five chapters to red for her upcoming midterm, and she finds the thought of sitting down and reading hundreds of pages at once overwhelming. subgoals.c. /Name /F7 realization of the solution is sudden. Once they created an object they were given the name of an object category and instructed to interpret their creation as a practical object or device within that category. Introducing Cram Folders! in vivo problem solving. Later, she analyzes the recorded discussions, identifying certain problem-solving techniques. Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Newell and Simon called the conditions at the beginning of the problem thea. 14 0 obj to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. candle can be cut in half.d. 12 0 obj /egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis /Subtype /Type1 According to your text, the key to solving the Wason four-card problem is, One reason that most people do not easily solve the original (abstract) version of the Wason four-card problem is that they. Newell and Simon's logic theorist computer problemb. the role of insight in creativity.c. In this new study, participants solve the following shoe problem before tackling the checkerboard problem. Which of the following alternatives is most probable? /F8 10 0 R insightc. Quiz 12 Flashcards - Cram.com 3 0 obj Experts categorize problems based ona. c. surfacing, structuring, and generalizing. 2. If a motorcycle cop believes that young female drivers speed more than other drivers, he will likely notice young female drivers speeding in the fast lane but fail to notice young male or older drivers doing the same. /Name /F3 240 METCALFE AND WIEBE mental warmth protocols than would insight problems.We also expected that people would have more accuratemetacognitions (about how well they would be able tosolve problems and which problems they would be ableto solve) for the noninsight than for the insight problems. Curious is studying the effect of ________ on problem solving. operators.d. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street is closed for repairs for three months. The purpose of this experiment was to a. demonstrate a difference between how people Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. /Pages 2 0 R a. do not always make decisions that maximize their monetary outcome. Cecile has dreamed of owning her own home for years, and she can finally afford a small cottage in an older neighborhood. Illustrative of functional fixedness, people are more likely to solve the candle problem if. << /Differences [ 128/.notdef/quoteleft/quoteright/quotedblleft/quotedblright/emdash/bullet/.notdef If we judge the probability of Gabrielle's being a model quite high because she resembles our stereotype of a model, we are using. a. outcomes that achieve a person's goals. 26. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. b. Lydia is 48 years old, single, outspoken, and very bright. >> insufficient-intensi, Gentner and coworkers' studies show that analogical encoding causes problem solvers to pay attention to ____ features that ____ their ability to solve other problems.a. The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT Bring the problem solver closer and closer to the goal state. endobj << -Without lifting your pencil from the paper, draw exactly four straight, connected lines that will go through all nine dots, but through each dot only once, Problem - insight problem solvers are not aware of how close they. 1 0 obj The purpose of this experiment was to. /Eth/Ntilde/Ograve/Oacute/Ocircumflex/Otilde/Odieresis/multiply In the movie Apollo 13, astronauts aboard a damaged spacecraft have to build a carbon dioxide filter out of random items that are aboard the ship with them. made the objects themselves.b. Error rates are then calculated for each syllogism. object with a specific function. >> Metcalfe and Wiebe - insight in problem solving -task: -insight problem: triangle problem -non insight problem: algebra - warmth judgements - result: insight problems solved suddenly and non insight problems were solved gradually (more linear) Obstacles to problem solving - functional fixedness - candle problem - two string problem how similar the objects in the problem are.b. 1. In the year of 201620162016, the population of the town of Smithfield was 7,2007,2007,200 and growing by 100100100 residents per year. The shoe problem: A first-grade class is using a trampoline in gym class, so all the children have removed their shoes, which are all jumbled in a large pile. goalc. b. move the solver directly from the initial state to the goal state. Ch.12 Quiz 4.3 Flashcards | Chegg.com /Encoding 16 0 R Their research program was based on the idea that problem solving is a process that involvesa. This particular discussion suggests that _______ may be more important than ______ in creative thinking. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? Sales of their calcium-enhanced OJ have been poor, and the product was cancelled. EXPERIMENT 1 Method Subjects. bring the problem solver closer and closer to the goal state.d. calfe & Wiebe, 1987). I am a creative type of person. /Type /Font /Name /F2 /dieresis/copyright/ordfeminine/guillemotleft/logicalnot/hyphen/registered/macron a. what negative feelings will occur following a decision more so than positive feelings. by wmowel11@me.com, Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments ever 15 seconds to indicate how close the felt they were to a solution. c. the tendency to respond in a certain manner, based on past experience. /Subtype /Type1 pliers are also presented.c. a. demonstrate a difference between how people experience solving insight and non-insight problems. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. problems that have a clear identifiable solution. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. >> >> b. had received training in creative thinking. Cecile's emotions are influenced by. endobj Glinda is sure that if her boyfriend proposes, she will feel elation. Conclusion: The sun is going to rise in Nashville tomorrow. The best description of the purpose of thing-aloud protocols is that they are used to determine What information a person is attending to while solving a problem. [Solved] Metcalfe and Wiebe (1987)gave Participants Problems That d. how a person's expertise increases his or her likelihood of solving a problem, relative to a beginner. /Type /Font emotional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n). The purpose of the experiment was to; a. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. b. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. intermediate states. Describe some strategies that help you solve problems and make decisions based on your reading assignment. metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve structural; diminishd. of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving. well-defined; information processing. as a school of thought in Germany, about the same time, Studied chimpanzee behavior on the island of Tenerife of the Canary Islands off Africas. In studies such as Metcalfe and Wiebe (1987), when participants were presented with two sets of different predefined questions that were either Differences can also be attributed to other factors. d. were told they were expected to be creative. Participants in the____ group had the fastest response time. 30. The argument is strong because the premise includes nothing new. How will Janet retrieve the book? b. gradually rise; rise suddenly just, c. rise suddenly just; gradually rise, d. vary unpredictably; vary unpredictably, 6. How to Detect Insight Moments in Problem Solving Experiments The fortress problem involves a fortress and marching soldiers, while the radiation problem involves a tumor and rays. She decided to wait until her mother-in-law returned to ask her, Which of the following provides the best example of functional fixedness?a. The way the problem is represented can influence the ease of problem solving. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. mental sets. 21 0 obj Kaplan & simon's exp., presented diff. d. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field. Swinney did an experiment in which he presented participants with the sentence, "The man 40. a. seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. Janet is alone in a room that contains a chair and a shelf with a book resting on top. Josiah is trying to decide whether or not to take a new job in a new city. a person is attending to while solving a problem. History 1301-Ch. /.notdef/exclamdown/cent/sterling/currency/yen/brokenbar/section The medium acrobat is on the left of the large a. My brain is best Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards; Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card; audio not yet available for this language, Janet is alone in a room that contains a chair and a shelf with a book resting on top. exemplar; source. See Page 1. The text's discussion of the research on in vivo problem solving highlighted that ______ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems. May 2013. Using a juice glass as a container for orange juice, The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does provide a solution to a problem is that, if well learned, it may prevent us from, seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. {"cdnAssetsUrl":"","site_dot_caption":"Cram.com","premium_user":false,"premium_set":false,"payreferer":"clone_set","payreferer_set_title":"Quiz 12","payreferer_url":"\/flashcards\/copy\/quiz-12-2532023","isGuest":true,"ga_id":"UA-272909-1","facebook":{"clientId":"363499237066029","version":"v12.0","language":"en_US"}}. The purpose of this experiment was to : . - insight problem solvers are not aware of how close they are to the solution. He is worried that if he takes the job and fails, he will suffer from intense anxiety and depression. They got to make up sentences tha Analogies are sometimes explored and developed at some length, for purposes of problem-solving. search. Quiz 12 - Problem Solving Flashcards | Quizlet She decided to wait until her mother-in-law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the soup in the stove pot. bread and butter, Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. a. ignore the falsification principle. << Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n) _______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific characteristic of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving. Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. Please upgrade to Cram Premium to create hundreds of folders! Divergent thinking is defined as an idea generating process wherein an i Divergent thinking, exploring many solutions in a creative way, was used in the classroom. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? Dr. c. the same for accepted and rejected offers. Later, she analyzes the recorded discussions, identifying certain problem-solving techniques. goal state.c. Curious is doing a follow-up study to the mutilated checkerboard problem experiment. Classify the triangle as acute, right, or obtuse. Actions that take the problem from one state to another are known as. 8. b/t how people solve insight & non-insight problems Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. b. noticing, mapping, and applying. Developing schemas for each individual problem, c. Connecting the fortress with the tumor, d. Generalizing from groups of soldiers to aliens arriving to help fight. The typical purpose of subgoals is toa. /Encoding 16 0 R ______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific charac. The purpose of the experiment was to; Answer show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. The purpose of this experiment was to A) demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. Actions that take the problem from one state to another are known asa. She majored in philosophy as an undergraduate. a. people arrive at the solution to an insight problem suddenly, but proceed more methodically towards the solution of a non-insight problem. Cog Psych Quiz 4 MC Flashcards | Quizlet /Type /Font Which of the following is a barrier or obstacle to solving problems. initial state.b. prior learning hindering problem solving.c. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. The correct option is b). warmth judgments on nearness to a solution _____ prior to the solution of an insight problem & ______ prior to the solution of a non-insight one. As a student, she was deeply concerned with issues of discrimination and social justice, and she participated in anti- nuclear demonstrations. means-end analysis.c. Seagull Edition, ISBN 9780393614176; Chapter 1 Notes; Criminology Notes Ch 1; ECO 201 - Chapter 1 Notes; TB-Chapter 16 Ears - These are test bank questions that I paid for. mental sets. candle can be oriented horizontally or diagonally. >> The application of a(n)______ makes it easier to solve the "drinking beer" version of the Wason problem. The key to the solution is to overcome functional fixedness. The analogy that makes the solution to the mutilated checkerboard problem obvious is the ______ problem. /BaseFont /Helvetica-Oblique Cassandra is using what approach to solve her problem? I fought for it for a few minutes, then my line snapped. Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. are more likely to be open to new ways of looking at problemsd. metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve b. /ExtGState << /GS1 17 0 R >>
?>
metcalfe and wiebe gave participants problems to solve